MN 83 · Khotbah tentang Raja Maghadeva

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Di sebuah hutan mangga, Buddha menceritakan Raja Makhādeva yang mewariskan tradisi meninggalkan takhta ketika uban pertama muncul. Tradisi luhur itu bertahan lama, tetapi jalan Buddha membawa lebih jauh menuju akhir penderitaan. Inilah Makhādeva Sutta.

TOKOH

Raja Makhādeva

Raja masa lampau yang menjadikan uban pertama sebagai panggilan meninggalkan kehidupan istana.

TOKOH

Ānanda

Murid yang mendengar kisah tradisi kuno tersebut.

TEMPAT

Mithilā

Kota kerajaan Makhādeva dan hutan mangganya.

GAGASAN

Warisan yang melampaui tradisi

Tradisi baik dapat bertahan lintas generasi, tetapi Jalan Mulia berharga karena menuntun bukan hanya ke kelahiran baik, melainkan ke pembebasan.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Buddha menceritakan kisah Raja Makhādeva, penguasa yang menjalani tradisi panjang kehidupan bajik. Ketika tukang cukurnya menemukan rambut putih pertama di kepala sang raja, Makhādeva melihatnya sebagai ‘utusan dewa’ yang mengingatkan bahwa usia tua telah datang. Ia menyerahkan kerajaan kepada putranya dan meninggalkan kehidupan rumah tangga untuk mengembangkan kediaman luhur. Tradisi itu diteruskan dari generasi ke generasi tetapi akhirnya terputus. Buddha mengungkapkan bahwa beliau sendiri adalah Makhādeva pada kehidupan lampau. Namun jalan baik pada masa itu hanya membawa ke alam Brahmā; kini beliau telah menemukan jalan yang jauh lebih lengkap—Jalan Mulia Berunsur Delapan yang membawa sampai berakhirnya penderitaan.

BAGIAN 4

mn83:4.1 Then, after many years, many hundred years, many thousand years had passed, King Maghadeva addressed his barber,

mn83:4.2 ‘My dear barber, when you see grey hairs growing on my head, please tell me.’

mn83:4.3 ‘Yes, Your Majesty,’ replied the barber.

mn83:4.4 When many thousand years had passed, the barber saw grey hairs growing on the king’s head.

mn83:4.5 He said to the king,

mn83:4.6 ‘The messengers of the gods have shown themselves to you. Grey hairs can be seen growing on your head.’

mn83:4.7 ‘Well then, my dear barber, carefully pull them out with tweezers and place them in my cupped hands.’

mn83:4.8 ‘Yes, Your Majesty,’ replied the barber, and he did as the king said.

mn83:4.9 The king gave the barber a prize village, then summoned the crown prince and said,

mn83:4.10 ‘Dear prince, the messengers of the gods have shown themselves to me.

mn83:4.11 Grey hairs can be seen growing on my head.

mn83:4.12 I have enjoyed human pleasures.

mn83:4.13 Now it is time to seek heavenly pleasures.

mn83:4.14 Come, dear prince, rule the realm.

mn83:4.15 I shall shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness.

mn83:4.16 For dear prince, you too will one day see grey hairs growing on your head. When this happens, after giving a prize village to the barber and carefully instructing the crown prince in kingship, you should shave off your hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness.

mn83:4.17 Keep up this good practice that I have founded. Do not be my final man.

mn83:4.18 When a pair of men are living, the one who breaks such good practice is their final man.

mn83:4.19 Therefore I say to you,

mn83:4.20 “Keep up this good practice that I have founded. Do not be my final man.”’