MN 75 · Khotbah kepada Māgaṇḍiya

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Māgaṇḍiya menganggap kenikmatan indria sebagai kebahagiaan. Buddha menjawab dengan gambaran seorang penderita kusta yang menggaruk luka di dekat api: sesuatu dapat terasa nikmat justru karena penyakit belum sembuh. Inilah Māgaṇḍiya Sutta.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang membandingkan kenikmatan indria dengan rasa lega semu dari penyakit.

TOKOH

Māgaṇḍiya

Pengembara yang mempertanyakan mengapa Buddha meninggalkan kenikmatan dunia.

TEMPAT

Kammāsadhamma

Permukiman di negeri Kuru tempat dialog berlangsung.

GAGASAN

Kesehatan tertinggi

Kenikmatan yang bergantung pada nafsu tidak sebanding dengan kedamaian batin yang telah sembuh dari kemelekatan.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Māgaṇḍiya terkejut ketika Buddha menyebut kenikmatan indria sebagai sesuatu yang telah beliau tinggalkan. Ia menganggap pandangan itu merendahkan kehidupan yang dinikmati manusia biasa. Buddha menjelaskan melalui kisah orang buta yang diberi pakaian kotor tetapi mengira pakaian itu bersih karena tidak mampu melihat. Setelah penglihatannya pulih, ia tidak lagi dapat ditipu. Demikian pula seseorang yang belum mengenal kebahagiaan yang lebih tinggi menganggap kenikmatan indria sebagai puncak kesenangan. Buddha memakai perumpamaan orang sakit kulit yang menggaruk luka dan membakarnya di atas bara: tindakan itu terasa nikmat justru karena penyakitnya. Kesembuhan mengubah seluruh penilaiannya tentang apa yang dahulu dianggap menyenangkan.

BAGIAN 15

mn75:15.1 Suppose there was a person affected by leprosy, with sores and blisters on their limbs. Being devoured by worms, scratching with their nails at the opening of their wounds, they’d cauterize their body over a pit of glowing coals.

mn75:15.2 Their friends and colleagues, relatives and kin would get a surgeon to treat them.

mn75:15.3 The surgeon would make medicine for them,

mn75:15.4 and by using that they’d be cured of leprosy. They’d be healthy, happy, autonomous, master of themselves, able to go where they wanted.

mn75:15.5 Two strong men would grab them by the arms and drag them toward the pit of glowing coals.

mn75:15.6 What do you think, Māgaṇḍiya?

mn75:15.7 Wouldn’t that person writhe and struggle to and fro?”

mn75:15.8 “Yes, worthy Gotama.

mn75:15.9 Why is that?

mn75:15.10 Because that fire is really painful to touch, fiercely burning and scorching.”

mn75:15.11 “What do you think, Māgaṇḍiya?

mn75:15.12 Is it only now that the fire is really painful to touch, fiercely burning and scorching, or was it painful previously as well?”

mn75:15.13 “That fire is painful now and it was also painful previously.

mn75:15.14 That person was affected by leprosy, with sores and blisters on their limbs. Being devoured by worms, scratching with their nails at the opening of their wounds, their sense faculties were impaired. So even though the fire was actually painful to touch, they had a distorted perception that it was pleasant.”