MN 56 · Khotbah kepada Upāli

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Diutus gurunya untuk mengalahkan Buddha dalam perdebatan, perumah tangga kaya Upāli justru menjadi yakin dan berpindah menjadi pengikut Buddha. Inilah Upāli Sutta.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang meyakinkan Upāli lewat perdebatan tentang mana yang lebih menentukan akibat perbuatan — jasmani atau pikiran.

TOKOH

Upāli

Perumah tangga kaya, murid utama Nātaputta, yang diutus mendebat Buddha namun akhirnya berpindah keyakinan.

TEMPAT

Taman Mangga Pāvārika (Nāḷandā)

Taman mangga di Nāḷandā, tempat perdebatan antara Buddha dan Upāli berlangsung.

KONSEP

Pikiran lebih menentukan daripada tindakan jasmani

Berbeda dari pandangan Jain yang menekankan perbuatan jasmani, Buddha menjelaskan bahwa niat dalam pikiran adalah faktor paling menentukan akibat suatu perbuatan.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Dīgha Tapassī, seorang pengikut Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, berbicara dengan Buddha tentang perbuatan tubuh, ucapan dan pikiran. Ketika ia melaporkan percakapan itu kepada gurunya, Nātaputta mengutus Upāli—seorang pendukung terkemuka dan pendebat yang percaya diri—untuk mengalahkan Buddha dalam perdebatan. Upāli datang dengan keyakinan bahwa tindakan tubuh adalah yang paling menentukan, tetapi melalui rangkaian pertanyaan dan perumpamaan Buddha membawanya melihat besarnya peranan niat dan pikiran. Pandangan Upāli berubah dan ia menyatakan diri sebagai pengikut Buddha. Buddha justru memintanya mempertimbangkan keputusan itu dengan matang dan tetap memberikan dana kepada para Nigaṇṭha yang sebelumnya ia dukung, sikap yang semakin mengesankan Upāli.

BAGIAN 27

mn56:27.1 Once upon a time, there was an old brahmin, elderly and senior. His wife was a young brahmin lady who was pregnant and about to give birth.

mn56:27.2 Then she said to the brahmin,

mn56:27.3 ‘Go, brahmin, buy a baby monkey from the market and bring it back so it can be a playmate for my child.’

mn56:27.4 When she said this, the brahmin said to her,

mn56:27.5 ‘Wait, my dear, until you give birth.

mn56:27.6 If your child is a boy, I’ll buy you a male monkey,

mn56:27.7 but if it’s a girl, I’ll buy a female monkey.’

mn56:27.8 For a second time …

mn56:27.9 For a third time she said to the brahmin,

mn56:27.10 ‘Go, brahmin, buy a baby monkey from the market and bring it back so it can be a playmate for my child.’

mn56:27.11 Then that brahmin, because of his love for the brahmin lady, bought a male baby monkey at the market, brought it to her, and said,

mn56:27.12 ‘I’ve bought this male baby monkey for you so it can be a playmate for your child.’

mn56:27.13 When he said this, she said to him,

mn56:27.14 ‘Go, brahmin, take this monkey to Rattapāṇi the dyer and say,

mn56:27.15 “Worthy Rattapāṇi, I wish to have this monkey dyed the color of yellow greasepaint, pounded and re-pounded, and pressed on both sides.”’

mn56:27.16 Then that brahmin, because of his love for the brahmin lady, took the monkey to Rattapāṇi the dyer and said,

mn56:27.17 ‘Worthy Rattapāṇi, I wish to have this monkey dyed the color of yellow greasepaint, pounded and re-pounded, and pressed on both sides.’

mn56:27.18 When he said this, Rattapāṇi said to him,

mn56:27.19 ‘Sir, this monkey can endure a dying, but not a pounding or a pressing.’

mn56:27.20 In the same way, the doctrine of the foolish Jains looks fine initially—for fools, not for the astute—but can’t endure being scrutinized or pressed.

mn56:27.21 Then some time later that brahmin took a new pair of garments to Rattapāṇi the dyer and said,

mn56:27.22 ‘Worthy Rattapāṇi, I wish to have this new pair of garments dyed the color of yellow greasepaint, pounded and re-pounded, and pressed on both sides.’

mn56:27.23 When he said this, Rattapāṇi said to him,

mn56:27.24 ‘Sir, this pair of garments can endure a dying, a pounding, and a pressing.’

mn56:27.25 In the same way, the doctrine of the Buddha looks fine initially—for the astute, not for fools—and it can endure being scrutinized and pressed.”