MN 54 · Khotbah kepada Potaliya Sang Perumah Tangga

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Perumah tangga Potaliya mengaku telah 'meninggalkan dunia' hanya karena berhenti bekerja, namun Buddha menjelaskan makna sejati lewat tujuh perumpamaan tajam tentang kenikmatan indria. Inilah Potaliya Sutta.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang mengoreksi pemahaman Potaliya lewat tujuh perumpamaan tentang bahaya kenikmatan indria.

TOKOH

Potaliya

Perumah tangga yang mengaku telah 'meninggalkan dunia' hanya karena berhenti bekerja, dikoreksi pemahamannya oleh Buddha.

TEMPAT

Āpaṇa (negeri Aṅguttarāpa)

Hutan dekat kota Āpaṇa, tempat Buddha bertemu Potaliya setelah kembali dari mengumpulkan dana makanan.

KONSEP

Tujuh perumpamaan kenikmatan indria

Kenikmatan indria digambarkan bagaikan tulang tak berdaging bagi anjing, sepotong daging yang direbut burung lain, dan perumpamaan tajam lainnya — semua menggambarkan bahaya besar di balik kenikmatan sesaat.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Potaliya menemui Buddha dengan penampilan seorang perumah tangga, tetapi mengatakan bahwa ia telah menyerahkan urusan duniawinya kepada anak-anak dan menganggap dirinya telah meninggalkan kehidupan rumah tangga. Buddha menjelaskan bahwa menurut disiplin para mulia, memutus urusan duniawi berarti jauh lebih dalam daripada sekadar menyerahkan harta. Percakapan bergerak menuju meninggalkan pembunuhan, pencurian, dusta, fitnah, keserakahan, kemarahan dan keangkuhan. Buddha lalu memakai serangkaian perumpamaan tajam—termasuk anjing yang menggerogoti tulang tanpa daging, burung yang membawa sepotong daging, obor jerami melawan angin, lubang bara, mimpi, barang pinjaman dan buah di atas pohon—untuk menunjukkan betapa sedikit kepuasan dan besarnya bahaya kenikmatan indria.

BAGIAN 3

mn54:3.1 Potaliya the householder also approached that forest grove while going for a walk. He was well dressed in sarong and cloak, with parasol and sandals. Having plunged deep into it, he went up to the Buddha, and exchanged greetings with him.

mn54:3.2 When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he stood to one side, and the Buddha said to him,

mn54:3.3 “There are seats, householder. Please sit if you wish.”

mn54:3.4 When he said this, Potaliya was angry and upset. Thinking, “The ascetic Gotama addresses me as ‘householder’!” he stayed silent.

mn54:3.5 For a second time …

mn54:3.6 and a third time the Buddha said to him,

mn54:3.7 “There are seats, householder. Please sit if you wish.”

mn54:3.8 When he said this, Potaliya was angry and upset. Thinking, “The ascetic Gotama addresses me as ‘householder’!” he said to the Buddha,

mn54:3.9 “Worthy Gotama, it is neither proper nor appropriate for you to address me as ‘householder’.”

mn54:3.10 “Well, householder, you have the features, attributes, and signs of a householder.”

mn54:3.11 “Worthy Gotama, it’s because I have turned down all work and cut off all business.”

mn54:3.12 “Householder, in what way have you turned down all work and cut off all business?”

mn54:3.13 “Worthy Gotama, all the money, grain, gold, and silver I used to have has been handed over to my children as their inheritance. And in this matter I do not advise or reprimand them, but live with nothing more than food and clothes.

mn54:3.14 That’s how I have turned down all work and cut off all business.”

mn54:3.15 “The cutting off of business as you describe it is one thing, householder, but the cutting off of business in the Noble One’s training is quite different.”

mn54:3.16 “But what, sir, is cutting off of business in the Noble One’s training?

mn54:3.17 Sir, please teach me this.”

mn54:3.18 “Well then, householder, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”

mn54:3.19 “Yes, sir,” said Potaliya.