MN 51 · Kandaraka Sutta | Tiga Keranjang

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Di tepi Kolam Teratai Gaggarā, Kandaraka sang pengembara memuji ketenangan para bhikkhu di hadapan Buddha. Buddha kemudian menjelaskan empat jenis pribadi di dunia. Inilah Kandaraka Sutta.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang menjelaskan empat jenis pribadi di dunia kepada Kandaraka.

TOKOH

Kandaraka

Pengembara yang memuji ketenangan luar biasa para bhikkhu di hadapan Buddha, memicu penjelasan tentang empat jenis pribadi.

TEMPAT

Kolam Teratai Gaggarā (Campā)

Tepi kolam teratai di Campā, tempat Buddha menyampaikan ajaran ini kepada rombongan besar bhikkhu.

KONSEP

Empat jenis pribadi

Ada yang menyiksa diri sendiri, menyiksa orang lain, menyiksa keduanya, atau tidak menyiksa siapa pun — hanya jenis terakhir yang hidup bahagia di sini dan sekarang.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Kandaraka, seorang pengembara, dan Pessa, putra seorang pelatih gajah, datang menemui Buddha dan melihat komunitas bhikkhu duduk dalam keheningan. Kandaraka kagum pada ketertiban mereka. Setelah ia pergi, Pessa berbicara tentang betapa sulitnya memahami manusia karena mereka sering menyembunyikan isi pikirannya. Buddha kemudian membagi manusia menjadi empat: mereka yang menyiksa diri, menyiksa makhluk lain, melakukan keduanya, dan mereka yang tidak menyiksa diri maupun orang lain. Jenis terakhir dijelaskan melalui perjalanan seorang murid yang menjalani sila, menjaga indra, mengatasi rintangan dan mengembangkan meditasi hingga menemukan kebahagiaan yang tidak dibangun di atas penderitaan.

BAGIAN 8

mn51:8.1 “And what individual mortifies themselves, committed to the practice of mortifying themselves? It’s when an individual goes naked, ignoring conventions. They lick their hands, and don’t come or wait when called. They don’t consent to food brought to them, or food prepared for them, or an invitation for a meal.

mn51:8.2 They don’t receive anything from a pot or bowl; or from someone who keeps sheep, or who has a weapon or a shovel in their home; or where a couple is eating; or where there is a woman who is pregnant, breastfeeding, or who lives with a man; or where there’s a hound waiting or flies buzzing. They accept no fish or meat or beer or wine, and drink no fermented gruel.

mn51:8.3 They go to just one house for alms, taking just one mouthful, or two houses and two mouthfuls, up to seven houses and seven mouthfuls.

mn51:8.4 They feed on one saucer a day, two saucers a day, up to seven saucers a day.

mn51:8.5 They eat once a day, once every second day, up to once a week, and so on, even up to once a fortnight. They live committed to the practice of eating food at set intervals.

mn51:8.6 They eat herbs, millet, wild rice, poor rice, water lettuce, rice bran, scum from boiling rice, sesame flour, grass, or cow dung. They survive on forest roots and fruits, or eating fallen fruit.

mn51:8.7 They wear robes of sunn hemp, mixed hemp, corpse-wrapping cloth, rags, lodh tree bark, antelope hide (whole or in strips), kusa grass, bark, wood-chips, human hair, horse-tail hair, or owls’ wings.

mn51:8.8 They tear out their hair and beard, committed to this practice.

mn51:8.9 They constantly stand, turning down seats.

mn51:8.10 They squat, committed to the endeavor of squatting.

mn51:8.11 They lie on a mat of thorns, making a mat of thorns their bed.

mn51:8.12 They’re devoted to ritual bathing three times a day, including at dusk.

mn51:8.13 And so they live committed to practicing these various ways of mortifying and tormenting the body.

mn51:8.14 This is called an individual who mortifies themselves, being committed to the practice of mortifying themselves.