MN 51 · Kandaraka Sutta | Tiga Keranjang

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Di tepi Kolam Teratai Gaggarā, Kandaraka sang pengembara memuji ketenangan para bhikkhu di hadapan Buddha. Buddha kemudian menjelaskan empat jenis pribadi di dunia. Inilah Kandaraka Sutta.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang menjelaskan empat jenis pribadi di dunia kepada Kandaraka.

TOKOH

Kandaraka

Pengembara yang memuji ketenangan luar biasa para bhikkhu di hadapan Buddha, memicu penjelasan tentang empat jenis pribadi.

TEMPAT

Kolam Teratai Gaggarā (Campā)

Tepi kolam teratai di Campā, tempat Buddha menyampaikan ajaran ini kepada rombongan besar bhikkhu.

KONSEP

Empat jenis pribadi

Ada yang menyiksa diri sendiri, menyiksa orang lain, menyiksa keduanya, atau tidak menyiksa siapa pun — hanya jenis terakhir yang hidup bahagia di sini dan sekarang.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Kandaraka, seorang pengembara, dan Pessa, putra seorang pelatih gajah, datang menemui Buddha dan melihat komunitas bhikkhu duduk dalam keheningan. Kandaraka kagum pada ketertiban mereka. Setelah ia pergi, Pessa berbicara tentang betapa sulitnya memahami manusia karena mereka sering menyembunyikan isi pikirannya. Buddha kemudian membagi manusia menjadi empat: mereka yang menyiksa diri, menyiksa makhluk lain, melakukan keduanya, dan mereka yang tidak menyiksa diri maupun orang lain. Jenis terakhir dijelaskan melalui perjalanan seorang murid yang menjalani sila, menjaga indra, mengatasi rintangan dan mengembangkan meditasi hingga menemukan kebahagiaan yang tidak dibangun di atas penderitaan.

BAGIAN 14

mn51:14.1 Once they’ve gone forth, they take up the training and livelihood of the mendicants. They give up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. They’re scrupulous and kind, living full of sympathy for all living beings.

mn51:14.2 They give up stealing. They take only what’s given, and expect only what’s given. They keep themselves clean by not thieving.

mn51:14.3 They give up unchastity. They are chaste, set apart, refraining from the vulgar act of sex.

mn51:14.4 They give up lying. They speak the truth and stick to the truth. They’re honest and dependable, and don’t trick the world with their words.

mn51:14.5 They give up backbiting. They don’t repeat in one place what they heard in another so as to divide people against each other. Instead, they reconcile those who are divided and support those who are united, delighting in harmony, loving harmony, speaking words that promote harmony.

mn51:14.6 They give up harsh speech. They speak in a way that’s mellow, pleasing to the ear, endearing, going to the heart, polite, and likable and agreeable to the people.

mn51:14.7 They give up talking nonsense. Their words are timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. They say things at the right time which are valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial.

mn51:14.8 They refrain from injuring plants and seeds.

mn51:14.9 They eat in one part of the day, abstaining from eating at night and food at the wrong time.

mn51:14.10 They refrain from seeing shows of dancing, singing, and music.

mn51:14.11 They refrain from attiring and adorning themselves with garlands, fragrance, and makeup.

mn51:14.12 They refrain from high and luxurious beds.

mn51:14.13 They refrain from receiving gold and currency,

mn51:14.14 raw grains,

mn51:14.15 raw meat,

mn51:14.16 women and girls,

mn51:14.17 male and female bondservants,

mn51:14.18 goats and sheep,

mn51:14.19 chickens and pigs,

mn51:14.20 elephants, cows, horses, and mares,

mn51:14.21 and fields and land.

mn51:14.22 They refrain from running errands and messages;

mn51:14.23 buying and selling;

mn51:14.24 falsifying weights, metals, or measures;

mn51:14.25 bribery, fraud, cheating, and duplicity;

mn51:14.26 mutilation, murder, abduction, banditry, plunder, and violence.