MN 4 · Khotbah tentang Ketakutan dan Kengerian

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Bhayabherava Sutta memperlihatkan bahwa tempat sunyi bisa terasa sulit, tetapi takut dan gentar ditaklukkan melalui perilaku yang bersih, kewaspadaan, dan samādhi.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang menjawab pertanyaan Jāṇussoṇi dan menceritakan bagaimana rasa takut di hutan ditaklukkan tanpa lari dari postur latihan.

TOKOH

Jāṇussoṇi

Brahmana yang bertanya tentang sulitnya tinggal di tempat sunyi dan bagaimana para siswa mengikuti teladan Buddha.

TEMPAT

Jetavana

Wihara di Sāvatthī tempat percakapan MN 4 berlangsung sebelum Buddha menjelaskan pengalaman latihan di tempat-tempat sunyi.

KONSEP

Menaklukkan takut dan gentar

Ketika takut muncul saat berjalan, berdiri, duduk, atau berbaring, latihan dilanjutkan dalam postur itu sampai batin menjadi tenang.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Brahmana Jāṇussoṇi bertanya kepada Buddha mengapa hidup menyendiri di hutan terasa begitu sulit dan menakutkan. Buddha lalu mengenang masa sebelum pencerahan, ketika ia sendiri tinggal di tempat-tempat sunyi dan menghadapi rasa takut yang muncul pada malam-malam tertentu. Alih-alih melarikan diri atau mengubah posisi tubuh, ia menghadapi ketakutan itu tepat dalam keadaan ketika rasa tersebut muncul sampai batinnya kembali tenang. Dari pengalaman itu pembicaraan berkembang menuju kemurnian perilaku, konsentrasi, tiga pengetahuan, dan akhirnya pencerahan.

mn4:29.1 When my mind had become immersed in samādhi like this—purified, bright, flawless, rid of corruptions, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—I extended it toward knowledge of the death and rebirth of sentient beings.

mn4:29.2 With clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, I saw sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. I understood how sentient beings pass on according to their deeds: ‘These dear beings did bad things by way of body, speech, and mind. They denounced the noble ones; they had wrong view; and they chose to act out of that wrong view. When their body broke up, after death, they were reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. These dear beings, however, did good things by way of body, speech, and mind. They never denounced the noble ones; they had right view; and they chose to act out of that right view. When their body broke up, after death, they were reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.’ And so, with clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, I saw sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. I understood how sentient beings pass on according to their deeds.